Pigmentation abnormalities can be divided into hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation. Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition that affects individuals of all age groups and skin types. Many individuals are often unaware of hyperpigmentation and how the condition can be managed.
In this article, we will delve into what hyperpigmentation is, exploring its causes and the treatments available to manage the condition. To make this post informative and factful, we have taken references from a renowned dermatologist, i.e., Dr. Niti Gaur. She is widely renowned for offering the best pigmentation treatment in Gurgaon. By gaining a better understanding of this condition and incorporating effective solutions, one can make informed decisions about managing and treating hyperpigmentation effectively. Keep on reading for more information.
What is Hyperpigmentation?
Hyperpigmentation is the term used to describe the darkening of specific skin areas as a result of an excess of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. It can appear in the form of age spots, melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and sunspots. Although the condition is frequently harmless, many people find it unpleasant.
What are the Different Types of Hyperpigmentation?
Hyperpigmentation is a patch of dark-colored skin on the body. Following are the different types of hyperpigmentation:
- Solar Lentigines
Solar lentigines are a type of hyperpigmentation that is very common. They are often not harmful and affect individuals over the age of 40. These spots are caused due to excessive sun exposure, which leads to an overproduction of melanin in the skin.
- Melasma
Melasma, also called the mask of pregnancy, affects not only women but men too. Melasma is caused due to hormonal imbalances in the body, which also occur due to excessive sun exposure. These appear in the form of dark patches on the cheeks.
- Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is considered to be temporary. This type of pigmentation happens when there is an injury to the skin due to chickenpox or any wound. This leads to excess pigmentation and discoloration.
- Freckles
The flat and tiny blemishes on the skin and most commonly on the face are known as freckles. These spots are darker in appearance than the natural color of the skin. These blemishes occur as a result of the clustered concentration of melanin in the body of an individual. It is also a common skin concern among the group of individuals who have a lighter skin tone.
One can schedule a consultation with Dr. Niti Gaur, a renowned dermatologist at Citrine Clinic, the best skin clinic in Gurgaon to learn more about these types of hyperpigmentation.
What Causes Hyperpigmentation?
The following are the underlying causes of hyperpigmentation:
- Sun Exposure: Excessive exposure to UV radiation from the sun triggers the production of melanin, which leads to sunspots and freckles.
- Hormonal Factors: Fluctuations in hormonal levels during pregnancy, menopause, or even certain medications could contribute to hyperpigmentation.
- Post-inflammatory Response: Inflammation of the skin resulting from eczema, injuries, or acne can cause PIH, where the affected areas become darker than the surrounding skin.
- Genetics: Some people have a genetic predisposition to develop hyperpigmentation, making them more susceptible to its occurrence.
How is Hyperpigmentation Treated?
A skilled dermatologist will offer a range of procedures to treat pigmentation that are proven to offer quick and effective results. One must understand that hyperpigmentation is primarily caused due to excessive sun exposure. Therefore, the most important step to treat hyperpigmentation is to limit sun exposure. Following are the advanced treatments to treat hyperpigmentation:
- Topical Creams
Topical medications, such as those containing hydroquinone, are often used to treat hyperpigmentation. It is a type of bleaching agent that lightens the complexion. Other medications, such as corticosteroids, azelaic acid, and trichloroacetic acid, are usually prescribed by skin experts to treat hyperpigmentation.
Pigmented creams can also be applied to conceal discoloration. Also, there are several skin-brightening creams or medications that are rich in licorice root, kojic acid, and pine tree bark extract, which can also be used to treat pigmentation. Also, some dermatologists suggest products that contain vitamin C, vitamin E, genistein from soybeans, ferulic acid, and polyphenols from green tea to effectively treat hyperpigmentation.
- Photofacial Treatment
If one is experiencing sun-induced hyperpigmentation, then intense pulsed light (IPL) can also be considered an effective option. The procedure involves intense laser beams that target the treated areas and damage the pigmented cells.
- Microdermabrasion
If the darkness is minimal, the skin doctor at the clinic can recommend microdermabrasion. During this procedure, the top layer of the skin is gently removed to minimize the appearance of sunspots and other blemishes.
- Chemical Peels
Those pigmented spots that are stubborn can be effectively treated with a chemical peel treatment. Chemical peels are designed for different skin types and conditions. Some of the different types of chemical peels include salicylic acid, glycolic acid, and TCA peels.
How to Prevent Hyperpigmentation?
To prevent hyperpigmentation, one must follow the steps mentioned below:
- Maintain a skincare routine and use gentle cleansers and moisturizers according to the skin type.
- Avoid picking the blemishes or inflamed skin to prevent the development of PIH.
- Stay hydrated, eat a well-balanced diet, and consume meals rich in antioxidants and vitamins for overall skin health.
Hyperpigmentation: The Bottom Line
Hyperpigmentation is an embarrassing condition to deal with, but with proper understanding and the right treatments, its appearance can be minimized and managed effectively. One can get a more even and beautiful complexion by adopting strict skin care practices, protecting the skin from the sun, and seeking professional advice when necessary. Remember that every person's experience with hyperpigmentation is different, so it's crucial to find the approaches that are most effective for you. To do so consult a dermatologist for personalized advice and treatment options that would work best for your skin.
One can schedule a consultation with Dr. Niti Gaur, a renowned dermatologist in Gurgaon, at Citrine Clinic. She will assess the skin and severity of the condition and will recommend the best course of treatment. For more details, consider visiting Citrine Clinic today!
